Lymphoma in Australian Border Collies: survey results and pedigree analyses     

KY Cheng  PXY Soh  PF Bennett  P Williamson 《Australian veterinary journal》2019,97(1-2):14-22

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CITATIONS OF SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE     

McDermott FA  Rehder A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1926,63(1641):596-597

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Coherent state evolution in a superconducting qubit from partial-collapse measurement     

Katz N  Ansmann M  Bialczak RC  Lucero E  McDermott R  Neeley M  Steffen M  Weig EM  Cleland AN  Martinis JM  Korotkov AN 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5779):1498-1500

Measurement is one of the fundamental building blocks of quantum-information processing systems. Partial measurement, where full wavefunction collapse is not the only outcome, provides a detailed test of the measurement process. We introduce quantum-state tomography in a superconducting qubit that exhibits high-fidelity single-shot measurement. For the two probabilistic outcomes of partial measurement, we find either a full collapse or a coherent yet nonunitary evolution of the state. This latter behavior explicitly confirms modern quantum-measurement theory and may prove important for error-correction algorithms in quantum computation.  相似文献   

A heterogeneous population model for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia transmission and control in pastoral communities of East Africa     

Mariner JC  McDermott J  Heesterbeek JA  Thomson G  Roeder PL  Martin SW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2006,73(1):75-91

Pastoral cattle live in highly structured communities characterized by complex contact patterns. The present paper describes a spatially heterogeneous model for the transmission of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) developed specifically for pastoral communities of East Africa. The model is validated against serological data on the prevalence of CBPP infection in several communities of southern Sudan and against livestock owner information on community structure, livestock contact and cattle exchange. The model is used to assess the impact of alternative control strategies including mass and elective vaccination programmes, potential treatment regimes and the combination of vaccination and treatment in a single unified strategy. The results indicate that the eradication of CBPP using mass vaccination with currently available vaccines is unlikely to succeed. On the other hand, elective control programmes based on herd level vaccination, treatment of clinical cases or a combination of both vaccination and treatment enabled individual livestock owners to capture a large benefit in terms of reduced animal-level prevalence and mortality experience. The most promising intervention scenario was a programme which combined the vaccination of healthy animals with treatment of clinical cases.  相似文献   

Analysis of diversity in populations of plant pathogens: the barley powdery mildew pathogen across Europe     

Kaspar Müller  Joe M. McDermott  Martin S. Wolfe  Eckhard Limpert 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1996,102(4):385-395

Understanding population genetics and evolution within species requires recognition of variation within and between populations and the ability to distinguish between the potential causes of an observed distribution of variation. For this aim several established indices of diversity, and a novel one, were applied to population samples of the barley powdery mildew pathogen,Erysiphe graminis f. sp.hordei. Random spore samples were obtained from the air along transects through regions of interest across large parts of Europe in 1990. Significant geographical differences in diversity of virulence genotypes occurred among regional sub-samples. Diversity was highest in the samples from eastern Germany, Denmark and Austria, whereas the lowest values were found in the samples from Italy, southern France and parts of western Germany. Diversity in the pathogen population was generally related to the degree of diversification of host resistance in time and space, although there was considerable variation in ranking among different measures of diversity. Sensitivity to sample size proved to be the major problem with the use of several established indices of diversity. Working with very large sample sizes we used multiple random subsamples of various smaller sizes to determine how the mean index values changed with changing sample size. The Shannon index proved to be considerably affected by sample size, in contrast to the Simpson index that was therefore used as a global measure of diversity. Limits of confidence were estimated for the Simpson index using the bootstrap method of numerical resampling. The two aspects contributing to global diversity, richness and evenness, were considered separately to allow meaningful interpretation of the Simpson index. Random sub-sampling was used to reduce the influence of sample size differences for these measures. Dissimilarity, a novel measure of diversity for use in plant pathology, indicates the average number of major genes for host resistance against which pathotypes in a sample respond differently. It is thus able to account for the genetic relationship among pathotypes, which is not considered by any other index. The approaches developed in this study help to compare major forces driving evolution of large-scale populations of the barley mildew pathogen.  相似文献   

Bovine cranial zygomycosis caused by Saksenaea vasiformis     

BD HILL  PF BLACK  M KELLY  D MUIR  WAJ MC DONALD 《Australian veterinary journal》1992,69(7):173-174

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Community-based active surveillance for rabies in Machakos District, Kenya     

Kitala PM  McDermott JJ  Kyule MN  Gathuma JM 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2000,44(1-2):73-85

The rabies problem in Kenya has been greatest in Machakos District where the disease has persisted endemically for over 40 years. This paper presents the results of a one-year community-based active surveillance for rabies in six randomly selected sublocations in the district for the period 1992-1993. Approximately 860 rabid dogs per 100000 dogs were confirmed in this study, compared to approximately 12 per 100000 confirmed rabid dogs reported by the existing passive-surveillance system. This active surveillance underestimated the true rabies incidence, because only 41% (130/317) of the potential specimens could be diagnosed. Dogs accounted for 92% (179/194) of primary animal-rabies suspects, 80% (66/83) of secondary suspects, and 81% of the confirmed animal-rabies cases. The annual incidence of animal-bites of humans was 234 per 100000 people and the point estimate of human-rabies incidence per year was 25 per million people. Almost all (97%) animal-bites of humans were due to dogs.The traditional passive-surveillance system grossly underestimated the importance of rabies as a public-health problem in Machakos District. Community-based active surveillance provides a potential cost-effective strategy for greatly improving estimates of rabies incidence and epidemiology to inform veterinary and policy decision-making.  相似文献   

Managing tropical agroforestry for conservation of flocking migratory birds     

Molly E. McDermott  Amanda D. Rodewald  Stephen N. Matthews 《Agroforestry Systems》2015,89(3):383-396

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Structural basis of multiple drug-binding capacity of the AcrB multidrug efflux pump     

Yu EW  McDermott G  Zgurskaya HI  Nikaido H  Koshland DE 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5621):976-980

Multidrug efflux pumps cause serious problems in cancer chemotherapy and treatment of bacterial infections. Yet high-resolution structures of ligand transporter complexes have previously been unavailable. We obtained x-ray crystallographic structures of the trimeric AcrB pump from Escherichia coli with four structurally diverse ligands. The structures show that three molecules of ligands bind simultaneously to the extremely large central cavity of 5000 cubic angstroms, primarily by hydrophobic, aromatic stacking and van der Waals interactions. Each ligand uses a slightly different subset of AcrB residues for binding. The bound ligand molecules often interact with each other, stabilizing the binding.  相似文献   

Simultaneous state measurement of coupled Josephson phase qubits     

McDermott R  Simmonds RW  Steffen M  Cooper KB  Cicak K  Osborn KD  Oh S  Pappas DP  Martinis JM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5713):1299-1302

One of the many challenges of building a scalable quantum computer is single-shot measurement of all the quantum bits (qubits). We have used simultaneous single-shot measurement of coupled Josephson phase qubits to directly probe interaction of the qubits in the time domain. The concept of measurement crosstalk is introduced, and we show that its effects are minimized by careful adjustment of the timing of the measurements. We observe the antiphase oscillation of the two-qubit 01 and 10 states, consistent with quantum mechanical entanglement of these states, thereby opening the possibility for full characterization of multiqubit gates and elementary quantum algorithms.  相似文献